The Anglo-American War of 1748 {American Perspective}

{Today's post will be the "American" perspective of 'The British-American War of 1748', the British perspective will be the second post.}

In 1748, under the presidency of Quincy Meine Hooper, TUPA declared war on Britain in what came to be known as 'The British-American War of 1748'. The cause that was given by TUPA was that they were supporting the revolutionaries in Quebec.

In reality, the Americans were spreading their expansionist wings, wanting, and even needed as the population grew rapidly, more land, especially the Canadian land to the north, which was owned by Britain. TUPA started with the successful expansion of Maine, expanding into Quebec, as well as taking over a few of the Islands on the side of Quebec.

The British tried to retaliate by attacking New York, although the American army halted their advances in 'The Battle Of Rotterdam', in which Edward Braddock was killed. In 1749, the Americans had their advances halted at 'The Battle of Niagara Falls'. By 1751, Britain requested a peace treaty, to which TUPA had accepted. TUPA had officially won the war by the Treaty of Rochester.

The significance of the war on TUPA was the fact that it established TUPA as a power to be reckoned with, defeating Britain twice. TUPA had gained a bit of land, but not that much.

The Fulani Caliphate {Short Bio}

In West Africa, in the year of 1727, a tribe in the area of Futa Jallon decided to rise up against the tribe heads (actual uprising). By 1729 they had established a Democratic Caliphate and decided to liberate surrounding and allied tribes from corrupt rulers. Those included tribes who followed the tribal religion, or those that had Imams as heads, with Islam as the religion. They managed to liberate the villages surrounding Futa Toro, and then, shortly after, Messina. 

Their economy relied mostly on trade, they would trade Ivory from East and Central Africa, salt, gold, and other valuable resources. Along with a minor role in the slave trade. Minor since the Caliphate banned certain groups of people being sold as slaves, such as Fulani's, the people who speak Fulan, people which would pay debts, and 'non-crime-doers'. 

The Fulani Assimilations and Wars of Expansion (1730-34) were very quickly won since the Fulanis had a great deal of trade power within the European world, resulting in them wielding more robust and modern musketry compared to other tribes around them. Quickly encompassing much of the ivory coast, and going as deep as Lake Chad.

Sultanate of Morocco

Once again I am really sorry for the lack of posts, with testing it is hard to get a post done. So here we go, The Sultanate of Morocco.

 The Sultanate of Morocco was under civil war after the death of Ismail ibn Sharif in 1727. The multiple sons of Ismail were fighting each-other (fun fact: Ismail Ibn Sharif had 868 children, a few of them were raised nobly, and only about 10 were fighting for the rule of the kingdom). Abdallah of Morocco managed to seize a permanent foothold in Morocco on 1736 by defeating all his rivaling brothers.

  Abdallah set up a wide variety of policies after the civil war. A few of the policies made were those encouraging scientific and technological advancement, but most were condemning acts against the king, even setting up a system where the king commanded the army directly. On 1739 Morocco became the first country to ally TUPA (being the 3rd to recognize it, behind Holland and France), and the first to sign a friendship treaty. By 1742, Morocco had improved a good amount, they were right behind Europe technology-wise and established it's first formal university, University of Khadim Al Rab (Real life counterpart) from an old Islamic school.

{{Somewhat like the new Uniforms instated by Abdel-Rahman}}

  In 1748 Abdallah died, passing rule onto his 25-year-old son, Abdel-Rahman ibn Abdallah, who studied in Europe (I could go on about his education, but basically he went to a prestigious Islamic school in Istanbul, then went on to go to a University in Europe). Abdel-Rahman removed many of the policies set up by his father, a few under the persuasion of TUPA and Holland (Both of which he had very good relations with), due to their near-dictatorial agenda. He instated more foreign policies and set up better education systems. He then reformed the military to be more westernized, in stating, of many, a universal uniform system.

  

The Great Spanish Civil War Part 2

Following the repositioning of Monarchist troops from the Basque and Aragon Front, seperatist groups in the area grew in power. French troops sent into the region met with ever heavier resistance and members of the French high command did not expect victory. France began to send less and less troops to support its Monarchist ally in the civil war. However, French troops did not retreat from the territory they had gained, instead fortifying what they controlled. It is this point of the Great Spanish Civil War that many historians believe was the turning point. Seperatist groups in the Basque Country and Aragon were able to operate free from French attack and could focus their efforts against the weakened Monarchist armies.

Meanwhile on the Galician and Southern Fronts, the English-Portuguese advance had ground to a halt. Attempted offensives resulted in catastrophic losses, largely due to the harsh terrain. Monarchist troops had ordered troops to advance further into Galicia but the superiour training and equipment of the English and Portuguese troops forced them to retreat. There was no breakthrough in sight for both belligerants and the war in the West became one of attrition.

However, across the Strait of Gibraltar, something stirred.The

great beast that was the desert nation of Morocco saw an opportunity to take back territory that they had lost ages ago in the time of the Moors and the Reconquista. With Monarchist troops spread thinly already over the Western and Aragon fronts, Morocco declared war and began to invade Spain from the Mediterranean, seizing control of the Balaeric Islands and moving north through Spain towards Madrid at great speed. They faced little resistance from troops and the population as the Moroccan troops struck fear into the hearts of the Spanish people who had heard many stories of the days of the Moor occupation of Spain. After only three months of fighting, Moroccan troops besieged Madrid and ordered the Spanish Monarchy to capitulate. The Spanish Monarchy refused to and the Moroccans mounted an assault, sacking the city of Madrid and killing the royal family. Demoralised by the fall of their capital and the deaths of their leaders, Monarchist generals surrendered to Morocco. Thus began the Moroccan Occupation of Spain.

However, that was not the end of the Great Spanish Civil War. Morocco saw the risk Aragon and the Basque Country posed to the integrity of the occupation and invaded both states. With the fall of the Spanish Monarchy and the independence of the Basque Country and Aragon, the people of the region were celebrating a victory and were not prepared for such an invasion. Both countries officially fell in less than a month but fighting in the region between rebels and the Moroccan occupiers did not end for many years. It is this point, the fall fo Aragon and the Basque, that many historians consider to be the end of the Great Spanish Civil War.

The Independence of Quebec

{Before we delve into today, or rather this weeks post, I would like to say that this week's post will be a combination between an event and the bio of a nation since I will be going over the full region of Canada later on.}

After the independence of TUPA, a surge of independence movements started, especially in colonies, although much of the others were just small revolts, one of the main ones that were inspired by TUPA was the Independence movement of Quebec.

Although Quebec did not have a very large population, they knew the land and took an advantage by starting their movement about ten years after TUPA's independence, which the British were still recovering from.

In 1743 their movement started, and at first, the movement went on for 4 years without any visible progress--in fact, not even recognized as a threat by the British Military, and more as Highwaymen. The cause was simply that while Quebec was expansive, and certainly was fairly Metropolitan, they simply didn't have enough supporters to take their cause, En Masse. This changed following the production of a couple of circumstances.

The morning of November 3rd, 1747 was an eventful moment for the whole of the American continent, as it would decide the fate of the American continent. In the Lake Ontario, some American militia-men from the Province of New England encountered a group of British troops crossing what they had set as the border against the British colony of Quebec. Upon confrontation, they were at first civil, until a shot from somewhere along the bay had come, it hit the British Regimental Officer, Edward Cornwallis, straight in the head, causing him to die on the spot. The British, in a blood-fueled rush, decided to shoot at the Americans, and a firefight had started. 

{Which would ultimately lead to the Anglo-American War of 1748} 

Little did they know, it had actually been from a Quebecer under the command of François Gaston de Lévis, a former officer of the French army during the American War of Independence, who had been waiting for the right time to strike. This was it, the Quebecers fired pot-shots the whole duration of the Skirmish while staying almost completely hidden from detection (with only a few accounts from the Militiamen reporting seeing the gun-fire from the woods behind).

On February 5th, 1748, the United Provinces of America voted to support the movement of the Quebecois, as part of the newly sparked Anglo-American War.

With the help of the Americans, and Francois' newly found support by the Quebecois people, under the flag they called the 'Drapeau de la Liberté', Gaston formed a formidable fighting force and began marched towards Quebec by the 22nd of April of the same year. Facing resistance only once on the way there, to which they crushed the Small British force in the Battle of Mont Tremblant. All of the lasting British forces had decided to take solitude in the city of Quebec itself, fortifying it to the best of their abilities.

On the 5th of May, they would arrive, what followed can only be described as the treacherous siege of Quebec.

Apologies from the Alt World Team

Sorry From The Team

Harry and I would like to apologize from our absence from the blog. We have been trying to keep up with schooling, and life in general. I have been trying to make our debut on YouTube to promote the blog. 

We are dedicated to you, our small community of followers and readers, and wish you get the best Alternate World((s), when we complete this current one).

As a follow-up to the apology, I will be telling you how things are going from now on, we will go event-wise, and then add on the biographies of Alternate countries connected to the event (In separate posts and until the time of the event).

And that is Today's Post, Tomorrow's will be about...{I dont want to spoil it for you, just wait until tomorrow ;) }

The Great Spanish Civil War Part 1

The Great Spanish Civil War began in July 1773 after years of rising tension in Spain. It lasted three years with fighting in almost every part of the country. By the end of it, Spain no longer existed as a single unified nation and foreign powers occupied various parts of the country for 'peacekeeping reasons'.

The reason for the Great Spanish Civil War is still debated to this day but many believe it was due to the effect the American War of Independence had on the Spanish population combined with the unrest left over from the War of the Spanish Succession earlier in the century. Spain had chosen to take the side of the American separatists in the American War of Independence and found itself supporting a radical republican nation. Spain had previously been a conservative nation with strong support for the monarchy but the War of the Spanish Succession at the turn of the century damaged support for the crown and driven a wedge into the Spanish population. Spain was now a haven of ideologies and beliefs, with many believing that Spain was following an archaic system by having an absolute monarchy. Spain also faced growing separatist movements with the Crown of Aragon, Galicia and the Basque Country striving for independence. The Kingdom of Spain, now ruled by the Bourbons after the War of the Spanish Succession, refused to grant these provinces independence, instead sending more troops to the regions to deter revolt. This only angered the regions further and they refused to accept Spanish rule, declaring independence and forming an alliance. Thus began the Great Spanish Civil War.

Originally, the belligerents in the war were almost entirely Spanish.  The separatist regions of the Basque Country, Aragon and Galicia sided with the republican movement in Spain against the Spanish Monarchy. The Spanish Monarchy believed that it could crush resistance in the regions easily but found many troops deserting and a large percentage of the population up in arms against them. Spain looked to France for support, both nations were ruled by Bourbons and France was willing to lend support to its ally. French troops moved into Aragon and the Basque Country in an attempt to restore order. However, at this time, the United Kingdom of England and Portugal took an interest in the affairs of the Great Spanish Civil War. England and Portugal had already seized control of Gibraltar and had fought against the Bourbon monarchy in the War of the Spanish Succession. England and Portugal took this as a chance to seize even more ground that had belonged to their old enemies, Spain and France. England and Portugal officially joined the war in January 1774, invading Galicia and Southern Spain and refusing to assist either side in the war. England and Portugal were able to rapidly expand into Spain but the harsh terrain and fierce resistance put up by both sides slowed the advance to a crawl in August 1774. France and the Spanish Monarchy continued to battle in Aragon and the Basque Country against separatists and republicans, at first with great success but the England and Portuguese invasion in the west drew royalist troops from the Aragon Front to the Western Front.